@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108013,

title = {Large-Scale and Wide-Gamut Coloration at the Diffraction Limit in Flexible, Self-Assembled Hierarchical Nanomaterials},

author = {N. Li and F. Xiang and M. S. Elizarov and M. Makarenko and A. B. Lopez and F. Getman and M. Bonifazi and V. Mazzone and A. Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202108013},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108013},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Advanced Materials},

volume = {n/a},

number = {n/a},

pages = {2108013},

abstract = {Abstract Unveiling physical phenomena that generate controllable structural coloration are at the center of significant research efforts due to the platform potential for the next generation of printing, sensing, displays, wearable optoelectronics components, and smart fabrics. Colors based on e-beam facilities possess high resolutions above 100K DPI, but limit manufacturing scales up to 4.37 cm2, while requiring rigid substrates that are not flexible. State-of-art scalable techniques, on the contrary, provide either narrow gamuts or small resolutions. A common issue of current methods is also a heterogeneous resolution, which typically changes with the color printed. Here we demonstrate a structural coloration platform with broad gamuts exceeding the red, green, and blue (RGB) spectrum in inexpensive, thermal resistant, flexible and metallic-free structures at constant 101600 DPI (at the diffraction limit), obtained via mass-production manufacturing. This platform exploits a previously unexplored physical mechanism, which leverages the interplay between strong scattering modes and optical resonances excited in fully three-dimensional dielectric nanostructures with suitably engineered longitudinal profiles. The colors obtained with this technology are scalable to any area, demonstrated up to the single wafer (4-inch). These results open real-world applications of inexpensive, high-resolution, large-scale structural colors with broad chromatic spectra. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved},

keywords = {FDTD calculations, nanostructured materials, optical nanoresonators, structural color},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Getman2021,

title = {Broadband vectorial ultrathin optics with experimental efficiency up to 99% in the visible region via universal approximators},

author = {F Getman and M Makarenko and A Burguete-Lopez and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00489-7},

doi = {10.1038/s41377-021-00489-7},

issn = {2047-7538},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-04},

journal = {Light: Science & Applications},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {47},

abstract = {Integrating conventional optics into compact nanostructured surfaces is the goal of flat optics. Despite the enormous progress in this technology, there are still critical challenges for real-world applications due to the limited operational efficiency in the visible region, on average lower than 60%, which originates from absorption losses in wavelength-thick (≈ 500thinspacenm) structures. Another issue is the realization of on-demand optical components for controlling vectorial light at visible frequencies simultaneously in both reflection and transmission and with a predetermined wavefront shape. In this work, we developed an inverse design approach that allows the realization of highly efficient (up to 99%) ultrathin (down to 50thinspacenm thick) optics for vectorial light control with broadband input--output responses in the visible and near-IR regions with a desired wavefront shape. The approach leverages suitably engineered semiconductor nanostructures, which behave as a neural network that can approximate a user-defined input--output function. Near-unity performance results from the ultrathin nature of these surfaces, which reduces absorption losses to near-negligible values. Experimentally, we discuss polarizing beam splitters, comparing their performance with the best results obtained from both direct and inverse design techniques, and new flat-optics components represented by dichroic mirrors and the basic unit of a flat-optics display that creates full colours by using only two subpixels, overcoming the limitations of conventional LCD/OLED technologies that require three subpixels for each composite colour. Our devices can be manufactured with a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible process, making them scalable for mass production at low cost.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2021ultrafine,

title = {Ultrafine-grained graphite prepared from filler of onion-like carbon spheres via a liquid mixing process for using in molten salt reactor},

author = {Zhao He and Pengfei Lian and Xiaohui Guo and Jinliang Song and Xi Yan and Zhanjun Liu and Huaihe Song},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},

volume = {547},

pages = {152832},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2021densification,

title = {Densification of matrix graphite for spherical fuel elements used in molten salt reactor via addition of green pitch coke},

author = {Zhao He and Hongchao Zhao and Jinliang Song and Xiaohui Guo and Zhanjun Liu and Yajuan Zhong and T James Marrow},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Nuclear Engineering and Technology},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{WangMakarenkoBurgueteLopezGetmanFratalocchi+2021,

title = {Advancing statistical learning and artificial intelligence in nanophotonics inverse design},

author = {Qizhou Wang and Maksim Makarenko and Arturo Burguete Lopez and Fedor Getman and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0660},

doi = {doi:10.1515/nanoph-2021-0660},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Nanophotonics},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108013c,

title = {Large-Scale and Wide-Gamut Coloration at the Diffraction Limit in Flexible, Self-Assembled Hierarchical Nanomaterials},

author = {Ning Li and Fei Xiang and Maxim S. Elizarov and Maxim Makarenko and Arturo B. Lopez and Fedor Getman and Marcella Bonifazi and Valerio Mazzone and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202108013},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108013},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Advanced Materials},

pages = {2108013},

abstract = {Abstract Unveiling physical phenomena that generate controllable structural coloration is at the center of significant research efforts due to the platform potential for the next generation of printing, sensing, displays, wearable optoelectronics components, and smart fabrics. Colors based on e-beam facilities possess high resolutions above 100k dots per inch (DPI), but limit manufacturing scales up to 4.37 cm2, while requiring rigid substrates that are not flexible. State-of-art scalable techniques, on the contrary, provide either narrow gamuts or small resolutions. A common issue of current methods is also a heterogeneous resolution, which typically changes with the color printed. Here, a structural coloration platform with broad gamuts exceeding the red, green, and blue (RGB) spectrum in inexpensive, thermally resistant, flexible, and metallic-free structures at constant 101 600 DPI (at the diffraction limit), obtained via mass-production manufacturing is demonstrated. This platform exploits a previously unexplored physical mechanism, which leverages the interplay between strong scattering modes and optical resonances excited in fully 3D dielectric nanostructures with suitably engineered longitudinal profiles. The colors obtained with this technology are scalable to any area, demonstrated up to the single wafer (4 in.). These results open real-world applications of inexpensive, high-resolution, large-scale structural colors with broad chromatic spectra.},

keywords = {dielectrics, nanostructured materials, optical nanoresonators, structural color},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202000242d,

title = {Silicon-Based Photocatalysis for Green Chemical Fuels and Carbon Negative Technologies},

author = {Ning Li and Fei Xiang and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adsu.202000242},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202000242},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Advanced Sustainable Systems},

pages = {2000242},

abstract = {Abstract Silicon, an earth-abundant material with mature technology, low-cost manufacturing, and high stability, holds promise to enable the sustainable exploitation of solar energy resources currently under utilized at the world-scale. Apart from traditional interest in the photovoltaic industry, recent years have seen increasingly large activity in the study of Si-based photo-electro-chemical (PEC) cells for water splitting and CO2 reduction. This research established an exciting area with the potential to address the present environmental crisis originating from unregulated CO2 emission levels. In this review, the recent work on Si-based PEC devices for large scale production of hydrogen via water splitting, and carbon-negative technologies for the solar-driven reduction of CO2 into chemical fuels of industrial interest are summarized. Bias-assisted and bias-free PEC architectures are discussed, highlighting the motivations, challenges, functional mechanisms, and commenting on the perspectives related to this field of research both as a science and engineering.},

keywords = {artificial photosynthesis, CO2 reduction, photo-catalysis, Si, solar energy, water splitting},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{LI2021105767,

title = {Paired Ru‒O‒Mo ensemble for efficient and stable alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction},

author = {HuangJingWei Li and Kang Liu and Junwei Fu and Kejun Chen and Kexin Yang and Yiyang Lin and Baopeng Yang and Qiyou Wang and Hao Pan and Zhoujun Cai and Hongmei Li and Maoqi Cao and Junhua Hu and Ying-Rui Lu and Ting-Shan Chan and Emiliano Cortés and Andrea Fratalocchi and Min Liu},

url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211285521000252},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.105767},

issn = {2211-2855},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Nano Energy},

volume = {82},

pages = {105767},

abstract = {Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media is a promising electrochemical energy conversion strategy. Ruthenium (Ru) is an efficient catalyst with a desirable cost for HER, however, the sluggish H2O dissociation process, due to the low H2O adsorption on its surface, currently hampers the performances of this catalyst in alkaline HER. Herein, we demonstrate that the H2O adsorption improves significantly by the construction of Ru–O–Mo sites. We prepared Ru/MoO2 catalysts with Ru–O–Mo sites through a facile thermal treatment process and assessed the creation of Ru–O–Mo interfaces by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). By using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and H2O adsorption tests, we proved Ru–O–Mo sites have tenfold stronger H2O adsorption ability than that of Ru catalyst. The catalysts with Ru–O–Mo sites exhibited a state-of-the-art overpotential of 16 mV at 10 mA cm–2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte, demonstrating a threefold reduction than the previous bests of Ru (59 mV) and commercial Pt (31 mV) catalysts. We proved the stability of these performances over 40 h without decline. These results could open a new path for designing efficient and stable catalysts.},

keywords = {Alkaline HER, HO adsorption, MoO, Ru, Ru–O–Mo sites},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100105,

title = {Robust and Scalable Flat-Optics on Flexible Substrates via Evolutionary Neural Networks},

author = {Maksim Makarenko and Qizhou Wang and Arturo Burguete-Lopez and Fedor Getman and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/aisy.202100105},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100105},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Advanced Intelligent Systems},

volume = {n/a},

number = {n/a},

pages = {2100105},

abstract = {In the past 20 years, flat-optics has emerged as a promising light manipulation technology, surpassing bulk optics in performance, versatility, and miniaturization capabilities. As of today, however, this technology is yet to find widespread commercial applications. One of the challenges is obtaining scalable and highly efficient designs that can withstand the fabrication errors associated with nanoscale manufacturing techniques. This problem becomes more severe in flexible structures, in which deformations appear naturally when flat-optics structures are conformally applied to, for example, biocompatible substrates. Herein, an inverse design platform that enables the fast design of flexible flat-optics that maintain high performance under deformations of their original geometry is presented. The platform leverages on suitably designed evolutionary large-scale optimizers, equipped with fast-trained neural network predictors based on encoder decoder architectures. This approach supports the implementation of flexible flat-optics robust to both fabrication errors or user-defined perturbation stress. This method is validated by a series of experiments in which broadband flexible light polarizers, which maintain an average polarization efficiency of 80% over 200 nm bandwidths when measured under large mechanical deformations, are realized. These results could be helpful for the realization of a robust class of flexible flat-optics for biosensing, imaging, and biomedical devices.},

keywords = {flexible flat optics, inverse design, neural networks, robust design},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202100217,

title = {Clean Carbon Cycle via High-Performing and Low-Cost Solar-Driven Production of Freshwater},

author = {Valerio Mazzone and Marcella Bonifazi and Christof M. Aegerter and Aluizio M. Cruz and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adsu.202100217},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202100217},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Advanced Sustainable Systems},

volume = {n/a},

number = {n/a},

pages = {202100217},

abstract = {Abstract While renewable power available worldwide costs increasingly less than the least expensive option based on fossil fuels, countries continue to increase their coal-fired capacity, which should conversely fall by 80% within a decade to limit global warming effects. To address the challenges to the implementation of such an aim, here, a path is explored that leverages on a previously unrecognized aspect of coal, opening to a new solar-driven carbon cycle that is environmentally friendly. By engineering the porosity matrix of coal into a suitably designed compressed volumetric structure, and by coupling it with a network of cotton fibers, it is possible to create a record performing device for freshwater production, with a desalination rate per raw material cost evaluated at 1.39 kg h−1 $−1 at one sun intensity. This value is between two and three times higher than any other solar desalination device proposed to date. These results could envision a clean and socially sustainable cycle for carbon materials that, while enabling an enhanced water economy with global access to freshwater and sanitation, poses zero risks of reinjecting CO2 into the environment through competing economies in the fossil's market.},

keywords = {carbon emission reduction, solar desalination, sustainability, water economy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{BogdanovFratalocchiKivshar+2021+4171+4173,

title = {The science of harnessing light’s darkness},

author = {Andrey A. Bogdanov and Andrea Fratalocchi and Yuri Kivshar},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0635},

doi = {doi:10.1515/nanoph-2021-0635},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Nanophotonics},

volume = {10},

number = {17},

pages = {4171--4173},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2021infiltration,

title = {The infiltration behavior and chemical compatibility of molten lead-bismuth eutectic in nuclear graphite at elevated temperature},

author = {Zhao He and Zhanjun Liu and T James Marrow and Jinliang Song},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},

volume = {550},

pages = {152921},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2021comparison,

title = {Comparison of ultrafine-grain isotropic graphite prepared from microcrystalline graphite and pitch coke},

author = {Zhao He and Jinliang Song and Zheng Wang and Xiaohui Guo and Zhanjun Liu and T James Marrow},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Fuel},

volume = {290},

pages = {120055},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gongora2020,

title = {Integrated nanolasers via complex engineering of radiationless states},

author = {Juan S. Totero Gongora and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2515-7647/abc60e},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/abc60e},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-13},

journal = {Journal of Physics: Photonics},

volume = {3},

number = {1},

pages = {011001},

abstract = {The development of compact and energy-efficient miniaturised lasers is a critical challenge in integrated non-linear photonics. Current research focuses on the integration of subwavelength all-dielectric lasers in CMOS compatible platforms. These systems provide a viable alternative to state-of-the-art nanoplasmonic sources, whose practicality is often hindered by high metal losses. The efficiency of dielectric nanolasers, however, is affected by the diffraction limit of light, which restricts the degree of localisation achievable with standard resonator modes. The recent development of new types of radiationless states has brought a sharp innovation in the field of subwavelength dielectric lasers. Radiationless states are exotic electromagnetic solutions that originate from the complex superposition and interaction of several resonator modes. They are associated with a high degree of near-field localisation which makes them particularly advantageous for non-linear photonics applications. In this work, we provide an overview of the most recent theoretical and experimental efforts toward the development of integrated lasers and ultrafast sources based on the amplification of exotic radiationless states. In particular, we focus our attention on two specific types of radiationless states: optical anapoles and Bound States in the Continuum (BIC). By discussing their differences and similarities, we provide a unifying view of these distinct research areas and outline possible future directions for these innovative platforms.},

keywords = {anapole, nanolasers, radiationless states},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Makarenko2020,

title = {Generalized Maxwell projections for multi-mode network Photonics},

author = {M Makarenko and A Burguete-Lopez and F Getman and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65293-6},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-65293-6},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-06-03},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {9038},

abstract = {The design of optical resonant systems for controlling light at the nanoscale is an exciting field of research in nanophotonics. While describing the dynamics of few resonances is a relatively well understood problem, controlling the behavior of systems with many overlapping states is considerably more difficult. In this work, we use the theory of generalized operators to formulate an exact form of spatio-temporal coupled mode theory, which retains the simplicity of traditional coupled mode theory developed for optical waveguides. We developed a fast computational method that extracts all the characteristics of optical resonators, including the full density of states, the modes quality factors, and the mode resonances and linewidths, by employing a single first principle simulation. This approach can facilitate the analytical and numerical study of complex dynamics arising from the interactions of many overlapping resonances, defined in ensembles of resonators of any geometrical shape and in materials with arbitrary responses.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{zhao2020effect,

title = {Effect of the average grain size of green pitch coke on the microstructure and properties of self-sintered graphite blocks},

author = {Hong-chao Zhao and Zhao He and Xiao-hui Guo and Peng-fei Lian and Zhan-jun Liu},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {New Carbon Materials},

volume = {35},

number = {2},

pages = {184--192},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{doi:10.1002lpor.201800296c,

title = {On-Chip Hyperuniform Lasers for Controllable Transitions in Disordered Systems},

author = {Ronghui Lin and Valerio Mazzone and Nasir Alfaraj and Jianping Liu and Xiaohang Li and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lpor.201800296},

doi = {10.1002/lpor.201800296},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Laser & Photonics Reviews},

volume = {14},

number = {2},

pages = {1800296},

keywords = {complex systems, hyperuniform, Maxwell–Bloch simulation, semiconductor nanolasers},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{FU2020104478,

title = {Improved performance and stability of photoelectrochemical water-splitting Si system using a bifacial design to decouple light harvesting and electrocatalysis},

author = {Hui-Chun Fu and Purushothaman Varadhan and Meng-Lin Tsai and Wenjie Li and Qi Ding and Chun-Ho Lin and Marcella Bonifazi and Andrea Fratalocchi and Song Jin and Hau He},

url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211285520300355},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104478},

issn = {2211-2855},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nano Energy},

pages = {104478},

abstract = {Photoelectrochemical (PEC) splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen is a promising way for the production of clean, and storable form of fuel but the PEC efficiency has remained low. Herein, we demonstrate enhanced light harvesting, charge carrier separation/transfer, and catalyst management with bifacial design for the Si-based photocathodes to achieve best-in-class hydrogen generation with excellent electrochemical stability. Decoupling the light harvesting side from the electrocatalytic surface nullifies parasitic light absorption and enables Si photocathodes that exhibit a photocurrent density of 39.01 mA/cm2 and stability over 370 h in 1 M H2SO4(aq) electrolyte due to fully covered a 15 nm Pt without any intentional protective layer. Furthermore, the bifacial Si photocathode system with semi-transparent Pt layer of 5 nm developed herein are capable of collecting sunlight not only on the light harvesting side but also on the back side of the device, resulting in a photocurrent density of 61.20 mA/cm2 under bifacial two-sun illumination, which yields 56.88% of excess hydrogen when compared to the monofacial PEC system. Combining the bifacial design with surface texturing and antireflection coating enables excellent omnidirectional light harvesting capability with a record hydrogen (photocurrent) generation, which provides a promising way to realize practical PEC water splitting applications.},

keywords = {bifacial, photoelectrochemical, photoelectrodes, solar cells, Water spliting},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{doi:10.1080/23746149.2020.1768898,

title = {Harnessing complex photonic systems for renewable energy},

author = {Y Tian and N Li and M Bonifazi and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1768898},

doi = {10.1080/23746149.2020.1768898},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Advances in Physics: X},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

pages = {1768898},

publisher = {Taylor & Francis},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{doi:10.1063/5.0010744,

title = {Photonics based perfect secrecy cryptography: Toward fully classical implementations},

author = {Valerio Mazzone and Andrea Di Falco and Al Cruz and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0010744},

doi = {10.1063/5.0010744},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Applied Physics Letters},

volume = {116},

number = {26},

pages = {260502},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nistfratax,

title = {NIST-certified secure key generation via deep learning of physical unclonable functions in silica aerogels},

author = {Andrea Fratalocchi and Adam Fleming and Claudio Conti and Andrea Di Falco},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0368},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nanophotonics},

number = {0},

pages = {20200368},

publisher = {De Gruyter},

address = {Berlin, Boston},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{C9TA11654K,

title = {Electronic structure modulation of bifunctional oxygen catalysts for rechargeable Zn–air batteries},

author = {Jian Yang and Le Chang and Heng Guo and Jiachen Sun and Jingyin Xu and Fei Xiang and Yanning Zhang and Zhiming Wang and Liping Wang and Feng Hao and Xiaobin Niu},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9TA11654K},

doi = {10.1039/C9TA11654K},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {J. Mater. Chem. A},

volume = {8},

pages = {1229-1237},

publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry},

abstract = {Extensive efforts have been devoted to develop bifunctional oxygen catalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries (ZABs) owing to the extremely high specific energy density, low cost and safety of these emerging batteries. The oxygen catalysts play roles in maximizing the energy conversion efficiencies of ZABs. Herein, a strategy of electronic structure modulation is used by ruthenium doping and post-oxidation treatment in cobalt encapsulated N-doped carbon nanotubes for enhancing catalytic activities of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). First principles calculations reveal that doping Ru into Co or CoOx enhances charge transfer from Ru to carbon atoms adjacent to the doped N atom and then promotes the reversible oxygen reactions. The achieved catalysts (denoted as RuCoOx@Co/N-CNT) exhibit efficient catalytic activities driving both ORR and OER with a small overpotential gap (EOER − EORR = 0.79 V). Specifically, the ZABs assembled with RuCoOx@Co/N-CNT catalysts display an open-circuit potential of 1.44 V, a specific capacity of 788 mA h g−1, a power density of 93 mW cm−2 and long-term discharge–charge cycling stability, even superior to those of commercial Pt/C and RuO2 electrodes. This work proves that modulating the electronic structure of active sites by doping or post oxidation treatment is an efficient way to improve the catalytic performance.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{YANG2020514,

title = {Honeycomb-like porous carbon with N and S dual-doping as metal-free catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction},

author = {Jian Yang and Fei Xiang and Heng Guo and Liping Wang and Xiaobin Niu},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008622319310012},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2019.09.087},

issn = {0008-6223},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Carbon},

volume = {156},

pages = {514-522},

abstract = {It has been a major challenge to dispose the unrenewable high-performance polymers (HPPs) after their large-scale application in our society. Here we report an approach to reuse one kind of HPP as carbon and sulfur sources in synthesizing nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped honeycomb-like porous carbon catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. Briefly, poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone) with S atoms in polymer chain as sulfur source, dicyandiamide as nitrogen source and SiO2 nanoparticles as hard-template are pyrolyzed in designed temperatures under argon atmosphere. Then N, S dual-doped carbon catalysts (N, S@C) are obtained after subjected etching treatment. By adjusting moderate amount of SiO2, the optimized catalyst (denoted as N, S@CM-1000) pyrolyzed at 1000 °C, shows best ORR electrocatalytic activity in alkaline environment. Impressively, when N, S@CM-1000 is used as a cathode catalyst, the corresponding assembled zinc-air batteries exhibit a maximum power density of 90 mW cm−2 with long-term durability and high rate capacity. Therefore, this work provides a feasible way to resolve and reuse the unrenewable HPP for synthesizing heteroatom doped carbon-based catalysts.},

keywords = {Heteroatom doping, High performance polymers, Metal free carbon catalyst, Oxygen reduction reaction},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{doi:10.1002/adom.201900849b,

title = {Free-Electron Transparent Metasurfaces with Controllable Losses for Broadband Light Manipulation with Nanometer Resolution},

author = {Marcella Bonifazi and Valerio Mazzone and Ning Li and Yi Tian and Andrea Fratalocchi},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adom.201900849},

doi = {10.1002/adom.201900849},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-11-21},

journal = {Advanced Optical Materials},

volume = {8},

number = {1},

pages = {1900849},

keywords = {dielectric metasurfaces, high resolution nanoprinting, structural colors},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{PhysRevLett.123.140501,

title = {Experimental Investigation of Superdiffusion via Coherent Disordered Quantum Walks},

author = {Andrea Geraldi and Alessandro Laneve and Luis Diego Bonavena and Linda Sansoni and Jose Ferraz and Andrea Fratalocchi and Fabio Sciarrino and Álvaro Cuevas and Paolo Mataloni},

url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.140501},

doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.140501},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-10-01},

journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},

volume = {123},

pages = {140501},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{zhao2019self,

title = {Self-sintered nanopore-isotropic graphite derived from green pitch coke for application in molten salt nuclear reactor},

author = {Hongchao Zhao and Zhao He and Zhanjun Liu and Jinliang Song and DKL Tsang and Heyao Zhang},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Annals of Nuclear Energy},

volume = {131},

pages = {412--416},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2019excluding,

title = {Excluding molten fluoride salt from nuclear graphite by SiC/glassy carbon composite coating},

author = {Zhao He and Jinliang Song and Pengfei Lian and Dongqing Zhang and Zhanjun Liu},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Nuclear Engineering and Technology},

volume = {51},

number = {5},

pages = {1390--1397},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2019fine,

title = {Fine-grained graphite with super molten salt barrier property produced from filler of natural graphite flake by a liquid-phase mixing process},

author = {Zhao He and Zhanjun Liu and Jinliang Song and Pengfei Lian and Quangui Guo},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Carbon},

volume = {145},

pages = {367--377},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sait2019b,

title = {Broadband holography via structured black silicon nano-antennas},

author = {M Sait and V Mazzone and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064081064&doi=10.3390%2fapp9071378&partnerID=40&md5=bcd4cac1d298192a157d399502d4ec5d},

doi = {10.3390/app9071378},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Applied Sciences (Switzerland)},

volume = {9},

number = {7},

abstract = {Computer-generated holograms have wide applications in different fields of optics, ranging from imaging, data storage, to security.Herein, we report a new method for the fabrication of large-scale computer-generated holograms from an inexpensive material, such as Silicon. Our approach exploits dry etching to create a series of broadband nanoantennas, which can tune the reflectivity of Si from an average of 0.35 to 0.1 in the entire visible range. We demonstrated the realisation of different images at wavelengths of 450 nm, 532 nm, and 632 nm with an efficiency of 10%, 14%, and 12%, respectively, thus opening up the application of large-scale broadband computer-generated holographic surfaces. © 2019 by the authors.},

note = {cited By 0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Koshelev2019725b,

title = {Nonradiating photonics with resonant dielectric nanostructures},

author = {K Koshelev and G Favraud and A Bogdanov and Y Kivshar and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063733172&doi=10.1515%2fnanoph-2019-0024&partnerID=40&md5=fcbf811f243fd313de896a10735f0713},

doi = {10.1515/nanoph-2019-0024},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Nanophotonics},

volume = {8},

number = {5},

pages = {725-745},

abstract = {Nonradiating sources of energy have traditionally been studied in quantum mechanics and astrophysics but have received very little attention in the photonics community. This situation has changed recently due to a number of pioneering theoretical studies and remarkable experimental demonstrations of the exotic states of light in dielectric resonant photonic structures and metasurfaces, with the possibility to localize efficiently the electromagnetic fields of high intensities within small volumes of matter. These recent advances underpin novel concepts in nanophotonics and provide a promising pathway to overcome the problem of losses usually associated with metals and plasmonic materials for the efficient control of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. This review paper provides a general background and several snapshots of the recent results in this young yet prominent research field, focusing on two types of nonradiating states of light that both have been recently at the center of many studies in all-dielectric resonant meta-optics and metasurfaces: optical anapoles and photonic bound states in the continuum. We discuss a brief history of these states in optics, as well as their underlying physics and manifestations, and also emphasize their differences and similarities. We also review some applications of such novel photonic states in both linear and nonlinear optics for the nanoscale field enhancement, a design of novel dielectric structures with high-Q resonances, nonlinear wave mixing, and enhanced harmonic generation, as well as advanced concepts for lasing and optical neural networks. © 2019 Andrea Fratalocchi et al., published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2019.},

note = {cited By 2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{doi:10.1002/solr.201900138b,

title = {Plasmonic-Enhanced Light Harvesting and Perovskite Solar Cell Performance Using Au Biometric Dimers with Broadband Structural Darkness},

author = {Chun Ma and Changxu Liu and Jianfeng Huang and Yuhui Ma and Zhixiong Liu and Lain-Jong Li and Thomas D Anthopoulos and Yu Han and Andrea Fratalocchi and Tom Wu},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/solr.201900138},

doi = {10.1002/solr.201900138},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Solar RRL},

number = {0},

pages = {1900138},

keywords = {Au dimer, Perovskite, plasmonic, solar cells},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{DiFalco2019,

title = {Perfect secrecy cryptography via mixing of chaotic waves in irreversible time-varying silicon chips},

author = {A Di Falco and V Mazzone and A Cruz and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13740-y},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-13740-y},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Nature Communications},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {5827},

abstract = {Protecting confidential data is a major worldwide challenge. Classical cryptography is fast and scalable, but is broken by quantum algorithms. Quantum cryptography is unclonable, but requires quantum installations that are more expensive, slower, and less scalable than classical optical networks. Here we show a perfect secrecy cryptography in classical optical channels. The system exploits correlated chaotic wavepackets, which are mixed in inexpensive and CMOS compatible silicon chips. The chips can generate 0.1?Tbit of different keys for every mm of length of the input channel, and require the transmission of an amount of data that can be as small as 1/1000 of the message's length. We discuss the security of this protocol for an attacker with unlimited technological power, and who can access the system copying any of its part, including the chips. The second law of thermodynamics and the exponential sensitivity of chaos unconditionally protect this scheme against any possible attack.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{DiFalco2019b,

title = {Perfect secrecy cryptography via mixing of chaotic waves in irreversible time-varying silicon chips},

author = {A Di Falco and V Mazzone and A Cruz and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13740-y},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-13740-y},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Nature Communications},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {5827},

abstract = {Protecting confidential data is a major worldwide challenge. Classical cryptography is fast and scalable, but is broken by quantum algorithms. Quantum cryptography is unclonable, but requires quantum installations that are more expensive, slower, and less scalable than classical optical networks. Here we show a perfect secrecy cryptography in classical optical channels. The system exploits correlated chaotic wavepackets, which are mixed in inexpensive and CMOS compatible silicon chips. The chips can generate 0.1?Tbit of different keys for every mm of length of the input channel, and require the transmission of an amount of data that can be as small as 1/1000 of the message's length. We discuss the security of this protocol for an attacker with unlimited technological power, and who can access the system copying any of its part, including the chips. The second law of thermodynamics and the exponential sensitivity of chaos unconditionally protect this scheme against any possible attack.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2018protecting,

title = {Protecting nuclear graphite from liquid fluoride salt and oxidation by SiC coating derived from polycarbosilane},

author = {Zhao He and Pengfei Lian and Yan Song and Zhanjun Liu and Jinliang Song and Junpeng Zhang and Xiaobo Ren and Jing Feng and Xi Yan and Quangui Guo and others},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society},

volume = {38},

number = {2},

pages = {453--462},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2018microstructure,

title = {Microstructure and properties of fine-grained isotropic graphite based on mixed fillers for application in molten salt breeder reactor},

author = {Zhao He and Pengfei Lian and Jinliang Song and Dongqing Zhang and Zhanjun Liu and Quangui Guo},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},

volume = {511},

pages = {318--327},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2018improving,

title = {Improving molten fluoride salt and Xe135 barrier property of nuclear graphite by phenolic resin impregnation process},

author = {Zhao He and Pengfei Lian and Yan Song and Zhanjun Liu and Jinliang Song and Junpeng Zhang and Jing Feng and Xi Yan and Quangui Guo},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},

volume = {499},

pages = {79--87},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mao2018b,

title = {Broadband single molecule SERS detection designed by warped optical spaces},

author = {P Mao and C Liu and G Favraud and Q Chen and M Han and A Fratalocchi and S Zhang},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058919158&doi=10.1038%2fs41467-018-07869-5&partnerID=40&md5=1762ead3b421c08724cbe646115cd96f},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-07869-5},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Nature Communications},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

abstract = {Engineering hotspots is of crucial importance in many applications including energy harvesting, nano-lasers, subwavelength imaging, and biomedical sensing. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy is a key technique to identify analytes that would otherwise be difficult to diagnose. In standard systems, hotspots are realised with nanostructures made by acute tips or narrow gaps. Owing to the low probability for molecules to reach such tiny active regions, high sensitivity is always accompanied by a large preparation time for analyte accumulation which hinders the time response. Inspired by transformation optics, we introduce an approach based on warped spaces to manipulate hotspots, resulting in broadband enhancements in both the magnitude and volume. Experiments for single molecule detection with a fast soaking time are realised in conjunction with broadband response and uniformity. Such engineering could provide a new design platform for a rich manifold of devices, which can benefit from broadband and huge field enhancements. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {cited By 3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Favraud2018b,

title = {Evolutionary Photonics for Renewable Energy, Nanomedicine, and Advanced Material Engineering},

author = {G Favraud and J S T Gongora and A Fratalocchi},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85053458031&doi=10.1002%2flpor.201700028&partnerID=40&md5=b62d8c2de1817bb5d31a5b7f0bfa43af},

doi = {10.1002/lpor.201700028},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Laser and Photonics Reviews},

volume = {12},

number = {11},

abstract = {Taking inspiration from complex natural phenomena such as chaos and unpredictability, as well as highly optimized organisms constituted by multitudes of interacting cells, evolutionary photonics aims at developing new sustainable technologies for renewable energy production, bioimaging, and scalable materials with advanced optical functionalities. These photonics systems integrate complex dielectric and/or metallic units into large networks of heterogeneous elements, which are entirely controlled by acting on the interactions among the different units that compose the network. This Review presents a selection of recent results in this research field, discussing advantages, challenges and perspectives of this technology in addressing global challenges in several scientific areas, ranging from broadband light energy harvesting, to scalable clean water production, early-stage cancer detection, sensing, artificial intelligence, invisible structures, and to large-scale optical materials with programmable functionality and robust structural coloration. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim},

note = {cited By 0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lin2018817b,

title = {Metal contact and carrier transport in single crystalline CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 perovskite},

author = {C -H Lin and T -Y Li and B Cheng and C Liu and C -W Yang and J -J Ke and T -C Wei and L -J Li and A Fratalocchi and J -H He},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85053845117&doi=10.1016%2fj.nanoen.2018.09.049&partnerID=40&md5=56ec999d29f01bc8dcb7d9333145f6c5},

doi = {10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.09.049},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Nano Energy},

volume = {53},

pages = {817-827},

abstract = {Organic-inorganic perovskites have arrived at the forefront of solar technology due to their impressive carrier lifetimes and superior optoelectronic properties. By having the cm-sized perovskite single crystal and employing device patterning techniques, and the transfer length method (TLM), we are able to get the insight into the metal contact and carrier transport behaviors, which is necessary for maximizing device performance and efficiency. In addition to the metal work function, we found that the image force and interface charge pinning effects also affect the metal contact, and the studied single crystal CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 features Schottky barriers of 0.17 eV, 0.38 eV, and 0.47 eV for Au, Pt, and Ti electrodes, respectively. Furthermore, the surface charges lead to the thermally activated transport from 207 K to 300 K near the perovskite surface. In contrast, from 120 K to 207 K, the material exhibited three-dimensional (3D) variable range hopping (VRH) carrier transport behavior. Understanding these fundamental contact and transport properties of perovskite will enable future electronic and optoelectronic applications. © 2018},

note = {cited By 2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{smirnov2018bistable,

title = {Bistable lasing in parity-time symmetric coupled fiber rings},

author = {Sergey V Smirnov and Maxim O Makarenko and Sergey V Suchkov and Dmitry Churkin and Andrey A Sukhorukov},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Photonics Research},

volume = {6},

number = {4},

pages = {A18--A22},

publisher = {Optical Society of America},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{liu2018space,

title = {Space confined electroless deposition of silver nanoparticles for highly-uniform SERS detection},

author = {Lingxiao Liu and Feifei Wu and Daren Xu and Ning Li and Nan Lu},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},

volume = {255},

pages = {1401--1406},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{wang2018superhydrophobic,

title = {Superhydrophobic candle soot/PDMS substrate for one-step enrichment and desalting of peptides in MALDI MS analysis},

author = {Xueyun Wang and Ning Li and Daren Xu and Xiangchao Yang and Qunyan Zhu and Dongyang Xiao and Nan Lu},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Talanta},

volume = {190},

pages = {23--29},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Liu2017,

title = {High-Performance Large-Scale Solar Steam Generation with Nanolayers of Reusable Biomimetic Nanoparticles},

author = {Liu, Changxu and Huang, Jianfeng and Hsiung, Chia-En and Tian, Yi and Wang, Jianjian and Han, Yu and Fratalocchi, Andrea},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adsu.201600013},

doi = {10.1002/adsu.201600013},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-09},

journal = {Advanced Sustainable Systems},

volume = {1},

number = {1-2},

pages = {1600013},

abstract = {The harvesting of solar radiation for steam generation has drawn wide attention as a future sustainable technology for the renewable production of clean water worldwide. Here, a new super-dark metasurface of 200 nm thickness is presented, which reaches a solar thermal efficiency of 87% when exposed to an intensity of only 2.3 sun, maintaining a stable efficiency of 90% at higher solar intensities. The metasurface is composed of extremely robust nanoparticles, which are up to 98% recyclable and can be produced on massively large scales by wet chemistry. By employing such reusable nanoparticles on an area of 1 m2, 1.2 kg of seawater can be purified within only 1 h under natural sunshine. With such excellent performances, this nanomaterial can open new applications of high-performance solar steam.},

keywords = {gold nanoparticles, plasmonics, solar–thermal conversion, water desalination},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}